Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
term refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics? a. | traits | b. | offspring | c. | generations | d. | hybrids | | |
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2.
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Factors that control traits are called a. | genes. | b. | purebreds. | c. | recessives. | d. | parents. | | |
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3.
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What
does the notation TT mean to geneticists? a. | two dominant alleles | b. | two recessive
alleles | c. | at least one dominant allele | d. | one dominant and
one recessive allelle | | |
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4.
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What
does the notation tt mean to geneticists? a. | two dominant alleles | b. | two recessive
alleles | c. | at least one dominant allele | d. | one dominant and
one recessive allelle | | |
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5.
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What
did Mendel predict was the probability of producing a tall plant from a genetic cross of two hybrid
tall plants? a. | one in
four | b. | two in
four | c. | three in
four | d. | four in
four | | |
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6.
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If a
homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (bb),
what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur? a. | 25
percent | b. | 50 percent | c. | 75
percent | d. | 100 percent | | |
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7.
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An
organism's physical appearance is its a. | genotype | b. | phenotype | c. | codominance | d. | heterozygous | | |
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8.
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A
heterozygous organism has a. | three different alleles for a trait. | b. | two identical
alleles for a trait. | c. | only one allele for a trait. | d. | two different
alleles for a trait. | | |
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9.
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What
is the genetic code? a. | the order of nitrogen bases along a
gene | b. | the number of
nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule | c. | the order of amino acids in a protein | d. | the number of
guanine and cytosine bases in a chromosome | | |
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10.
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Where
does protein synthesis take place? a. | in the ribosomes in the nucleus of the
cell | b. | on the ribosomes
in the cytoplasm of the cell | c. | in the chromosomes in the nucleus of the
cell | d. | on the
chromosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell | | |
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11.
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What
does messenger RNA do during protein synthesis? a. | copies the coded message from the DNA and carries it into the
cytoplasm | b. | copies the coded message from the DNA and carries it into the
nucleus | c. | carries amino acids and adds them to the growing
protein | d. | copies the coded message from the protein and carries it into
the nucleus | | |
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12.
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What
do transfer RNA molecules do during protein synthesis? a. | copy the coded
message from the protein and carry it into the nucleus | b. | copy the coded
message from the DNA and carry it into the nucleus | c. | carry amino
acids and add them to the growing protein | d. | copy the coded message from the DNA and carry it into the
cytoplasm | | |
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13.
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Which
nitrogen base in RNA is NOT part of DNA? a. | adenine | b. | guanine | c. | cytosine | d. | uracil | | |
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14.
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Which
combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being? a. | XX | b. | YY | c. | XY | d. | either XX or YY | | |
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15.
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Which
form of selective breeding crosses genetically different individuals in an attempt to keep the best
traits of both parents? a. | genetic engineering | b. | inbreeding | c. | hybridization | d. | cloning | | |
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16.
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Which
form of selective breeding crosses parents with the same or similar sets of alleles? a. | fertilization | b. | inbreeding | c. | hybridization | d. | cloning | | |
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17.
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Cloning results in two organisms that are a. | both adult
mammals. | b. | produced from cuttings. | c. | genetically
similar. | d. | genetically identical. | | |
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18.
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No
two people have the same DNA, except for a. | crime suspects. | b. | brothers. | c. | sisters. | d. | identical
twins. | | |
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19.
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How
do police use DNA fingerprinting to help solve crimes? a. | by proving that
a suspect's blood type matches evidence in a crime | b. | by showing that
a suspect's fingerprints are at a crime scene | c. | by comparing a
suspect's DNA patterns with evidence from a crime scene | d. | by matching
phenotypes of suspects with DNA samples | | |
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20.
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What
is the purpose of the Human Genome Project? a. | to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human
genome | b. | to clone every gene on a single chromosome in human
DNA | c. | to splice every
gene on a single chromosome in human DNA | d. | to inbreed the best genes on every chromosome in human
DNA | | |
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21.
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What
is a genome? a. | all the cells
produced during meiosis | b. | all the plasmids from splicing DNA in a
cell | c. | all the DNA in
one cell of an organism | d. | all the karyotypes in a cell | | |
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