Multiplication and Division

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M3N3 Students will further develop their understanding of multiplication of whole numbers and develop the ability to apply it in problem solving.
a. Describe the relationship between addition and multiplication, i.e., multiplication is defined as repeated addition.
b. Know the multiplication facts with understanding and fluency to 10 x 10.
c. Use arrays and area models to develop understanding of the distributive property and to determine partial products for multiplication of 2- or 3-digit numbers by a 1-digit number.
d. Understand the effect on the product when multiplying by multiples of 10.
e. Apply the identity, commutative, and associative properties of multiplication and verify the results.
f. Use mental math and estimation strategies to multiply.
g. Solve problems requiring multiplication.
M3N4 Students will understand the meaning of division and develop the ability to apply it in problem solving.
a. Understand the relationship between division and multiplication and between division and subtraction.
b. Recognize that division may be two situations: the first is determining how many equal parts of a given size or amount may be taken away from the whole as in repeated subtraction, and the second is determining the size of the parts when the whole is separated into a given number of equal parts as in a sharing model.20
c. Recognize problem-solving situations in which division may be applied and write corresponding mathematical expressions.
d. Explain the meaning of a remainder in division in different circumstances.
e. Divide a 2 and 3-digit number by a 1-digit divisor.
f. Solve problems requiring division.